Folia Morphologica 2013, tom 72, nr 1

Tinnitus is a commonly encountered complaint in patients of daily otolaryngology practice, but there is still little known about its underlying pathophysiology, aetiology, and effective treatment. Although pulsatile tinnitus can have numerous causes, it is easier for the clinician to find out the underlying pathology by radiological studies and treat tinnitus by surgical means [22]. It is challenging to find the underlying cause of non-pulsatile tinnitus, because of its subjective nature...

The osseous labyrinth is lodged inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone, also termed as the petrous bone. It consists of three parts: the vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea. The entire labyrinth is an intricate, irregular, spatial object of small size...

The human paracentral lobule (PCL), the convolution at the medial hemispheric surface, connects medial portions of the precentral and postcentral gyri. In Terminologia Anatomica the term PCL (lobulus paracentralis) was used twice and separately in order to indicate the anterior and posterior paracentral gyri [5]...

The venous anatomy of the lower limb is highly variable and these variations have immense clinical significance particularly in cases of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The femoral vein (FV) throughout its course is normally accompanied by the femoral artery (FA). In the lower part of the adductor canal, the FV lies posterolateral to the FA; while, in the upper part of the canal and in the lower part of the femoral triangle (FT), it is posterior to the FA and immediately below the inguinal ligament, it comes to lie medial to the FA...