Folia Morphologica 2008, tom 67, nr 2

The concept of anatomical linguistics is not officially recognized as an independent scientific discipline, however, as anatomical research and scientific  interest intensifies, it may soon be given the recognition it so rightly deserves. Understanding the origins of various international languages is something that has increasingly become...

Wisdom teeth are third molars that develop in the majority of adults and generally erupt between the ages of 18 and 24 years, although there is wide variation in the age of eruption. In some people the teeth become partially or completely impacted below the gum line because of lack of space, obstruction, or abnormal position. Impacted wisdom teeth may be diagnosed because of pain and swelling or incidentally by routine dental radiography [3]...

The trachea, consisting of 16 to 20 cartilages [1], grows with the body until the age of 20 [2]. Kusafuka et al. [10] investigated the tracheae of neonates and observed no ossification, calcification or type I and X collagen presence, or reduction of type II collagen. Leutert [11] observed...

The left coronary artery presents wide variability in its morphology with regard to length, calibre and the number of branches of its trunk. The left coronary artery trunk (LCAT) divides in several ways; it bifurcates, producing the anterior interventricular branch (AIB) and the circumflex branch (CxB), trifurcates, producing AIB, CxB and a diagonal branch (DB),...

Traditional anatomy describes each kidney as being irrigated by a single renal artery. However, current literature reports great variability in the pattern of renal irrigation. It should be emphasised that the number of renal arteries is the most frequently occurring variation; some people have presented from 2 to 4 additional ...

Atrial septal aneurysms (ASA) are rare congenital malformations, where the interatrial septum (IAS) protrudes into the right or left atrium or both [6]. Anatomically it is a bulge in the region of the ostium primum [3]. Atrial septal aneurysm...

A fundic branch of the stomach can be defined as an artery which, after arising from its source artery, perforates a particular part of the gastric fundus. The aim of the paper is to present the results of a study on the fundic branches of the stomach. There are several reasons why this particular subject was taken up. Detailed morphometric...

The temporal bone containing the vestibulocochlear organ is significant in the pathology of humans and animals. Accurate anatomical description of the human ear with all its structures is foundin every anatomy textbook and in specialist monographs...

Os acromiale (OA) refers to the unfused epiphysis of the acromion along with separate ossicles or a fused elongated acromion, which can occur unilaterally or bilaterally. For some authors it is a rare anatomical abnormality [4, 13] and for others a common one [14]. Usually there are three separate ossification centres for the acromion...

Accurate radiological assessment of the renal vascular anatomy of a kidney donor is of paramount importance in preoperative planning, allowing the surgeon to plan which kidney to remove [3, 18–20]. As we know, the right and left kidneys have different anatomical positions with differing proximity to other organs and the aorta, which may affect...